1. The engine ECU receives the signals from various sensors, calculates the optimal ignition timing, and sends an ignition signal to the igniter. (The engine ECU controls the timing advance.)
2. The Read more Operation Principle of the Transistorized Type with ESA
In the TDI system, the conventional distributor is no longer used as in the ignition system. Instead, it provides an ignition coil with an independent integrated igniter for each of the cylinders. Because Read more TDI (TOYOTA Direct Ignition System)
The ignition coil generates a high voltage that is sufficient for arcing sparks between the electrodes of a spark plug. The primary and secondary coils are wound around the core. The secondary coil is Read more Automotive Ignition Coil
1. TRC operation (for pressure increasing mode)
When the accelerator is depressed, the hydraulic pressure for each wheel cylinder is controlled to control the drive wheel slip. At this time, in models Read more TheTRC and VSC Brake Actuator 1 of 2
Sometimes when the accelerator is depressed too much while starting off or accelerating on slippery surfaces, etc., the excessive torque that is generated causes the drive wheels to slip, causing the vehicle Read more TRC (TRaction Control system) Overview
1. Construction
The drum brake consists of the following components.
(1) Wheel cylinder
(2) Brake shoe
(3) Brake lining
(4) Return spring
(5) Brake drum
(6) Piston
(7) Piston cup
The vehicle must have proper straightline performance for stable driving, cornering performance for driving around curves, recovery force for returning to the straight-line condition, the capacity to soften Read more What is Wheel Alignment
1. Diagnosis
If the EMS/air suspension ECU detects a malfunction in this system, it blinks the damping mode or vehicle height indicator light to alert the driver of the malfunction. The ECU will also Read more EMS/Air Suspension Diagnosis & Fail-safe
1. Switches
(1) Damping mode select switch This switch can change the shock absorber damping force. The switch positions and details of the settings depend on the model, but switching from COMFORT (or Read more Location and Function of Automotive Swiches
The suspension improves the riding comfort and driving performance of the vehicle. EMS (Electronically-Modulated Suspension) and air suspension electronically control the damping force of the shock absorbers Read more What is EMS & Air Suspension